Wednesday, March 18, 2020

Free Essays on Topologies

The word topology is commonly used to discuss the properties of various types of networks. It comes from the branch of mathematics that examines the characteristics of geometric shapes. Networks have shapes, and those shapes have much to do with how it functions. There are two different types of topology, physical and logical. The physical topology of a network is the actual layout or appearance of the cables and computer on the network. All physical topologies are variations of two fundamental methods of connecting devices, a point-to-point or multipoint. A point-to-point (PTP) topology connects two nodes together. The following examples are pure PTP: Two computers communicating via modems A mainframe terminal communicating with a front-end processor A workstation communicating along a parallel cable to a printer In a PTP link, two devices control the Communication medium. Because the medium is not shared with other devices, a mechanism is not needed to identify the computers. A simple PTP Two device has no need for addressing. A PTP can be simplex which the communication goes one way only. A half-duplex were the transmission goes two ways, but only one direction at a time, or a full-duplex were the transmission goes both ways simultaneously. If you wanted to link three or more devices together through a single communication medium you would probably use a multipoint topology. Multipoint works much like a party-line telephone service where several users are connected to the same line. Because they share a common channel, each device needs a way to identify itself and the device it wants to send information. The method that they use is by assigning addresses. The following four types of physical topologies are frequently used in computer networking: 1. Star 2. Bus 3. Ring 4. Hybrid The star topology is a popular method of connecting the cabling in a computer network. In a star, each device connects... Free Essays on Topologies Free Essays on Topologies The word topology is commonly used to discuss the properties of various types of networks. It comes from the branch of mathematics that examines the characteristics of geometric shapes. Networks have shapes, and those shapes have much to do with how it functions. There are two different types of topology, physical and logical. The physical topology of a network is the actual layout or appearance of the cables and computer on the network. All physical topologies are variations of two fundamental methods of connecting devices, a point-to-point or multipoint. A point-to-point (PTP) topology connects two nodes together. The following examples are pure PTP: Two computers communicating via modems A mainframe terminal communicating with a front-end processor A workstation communicating along a parallel cable to a printer In a PTP link, two devices control the Communication medium. Because the medium is not shared with other devices, a mechanism is not needed to identify the computers. A simple PTP Two device has no need for addressing. A PTP can be simplex which the communication goes one way only. A half-duplex were the transmission goes two ways, but only one direction at a time, or a full-duplex were the transmission goes both ways simultaneously. If you wanted to link three or more devices together through a single communication medium you would probably use a multipoint topology. Multipoint works much like a party-line telephone service where several users are connected to the same line. Because they share a common channel, each device needs a way to identify itself and the device it wants to send information. The method that they use is by assigning addresses. The following four types of physical topologies are frequently used in computer networking: 1. Star 2. Bus 3. Ring 4. Hybrid The star topology is a popular method of connecting the cabling in a computer network. In a star, each device connects...

Monday, March 2, 2020

How to Cite an Ebook in IEEE Referencing

How to Cite an Ebook in IEEE Referencing How to Cite an Ebook in IEEE Referencing Being able to download an entire library onto a single device is very useful for students and researchers. And this makes it important to know how to cite an ebook in IEEE referencing. In this post, then, we’ll look at both in-text citations and the reference list entry for an ebook in IEEE. In-Text Citations In-text citations in IEEE referencing are indicated with numbers in brackets. Each number points to a source in the reference list, which is where you give full publication information. For example, we would cite the first source referenced in a document like this: It would be difficult to stun a shark with conventional equipment [1]. This would then point to the first source in the reference list. And to cite the same ebook again later, we would simply use the same number as in the first citation. The main variations on this basic citation system occur when: You have already named the author in the text, when you would give the citation immediately after the name rather than at the end of the sentence. Quoting a source directly, which requires you to include page numbers. You can see more on how to format in-text citations in our overview of the IEEE referencing system. The most important thing, though, is that the numbers in your in-text citations match the position of the relevant sources in the reference list at the end of your document. Adding an Ebook to an IEEE Reference List In an IEEE reference list, treat an ebook similarly to a print book. The only difference is the need to indicate where it can be accessed online. The correct format for an ebook in IEEE referencing is therefore: [#] INITIAL(S) Surname, Book Title, edition (if not first edition). City of Publication: Publisher, year. [Online] Available: URL In practice, then, the reference list entry for an ebook would look like this: [1] R. Schneider, A Bigger Boat: Innovations in Electrofishing. Oak Bluffs, MA: Vineyard Publications, 2005. [Online] Available: electrofishing.com/resources/schneider-bigger-boat.html Don’t forget to include a small hanging indent for each line after the first. And if you’d like any help checking the referencing in your work, or simply making sure a document is error free, we’re always here to help.